Indigenous Knowledge
alinaghi gooya; hossein barani; ahmad Abedi Sarvestani
Abstract
Abstracthe aim of this research is to identify the indigenous knowledge of camel husbandry in the territory of Kalkuyee nomads in Masileh plain of Qom province, who have a long history of camel husbandry in this region. The way of obtaining the data is in the field with the continuous presence of the ...
Read More
Abstracthe aim of this research is to identify the indigenous knowledge of camel husbandry in the territory of Kalkuyee nomads in Masileh plain of Qom province, who have a long history of camel husbandry in this region. The way of obtaining the data is in the field with the continuous presence of the tribes of the Kalkuyee tribe in the form of interview (question and answer), observation, filming and photography during three years. Also, in addition to individual interviews with native camel herders and nomadic experts, group interviews were also used in order to collect data and gain knowledge about the local knowledge of camel herders. The information has been classified based on convergence and divergence. The findings include indigenous knowledge related to naming, marking, the position of camels, characteristics of good camels, and reproduction among nomads of Kalkuyee tribe. The results of the research in the territory of Kalkuyee nomads showed that they have local knowledge and extensive work experience in camel husbandry. From the local knowledge of camel herders, we come to the conclusion that camel herding has long been a traditional and cultural activity with specific regional characteristics, and with camel herding and traditional life,
soheila yousofvand; hossein barani; mojgansadat azimi; Hamid Niknahad; Abolfazl Sharifiyan
Abstract
The main question in this study is how herders perceive plants in saline and alkaline rangelands and the relation between water, soil and plants. Data collection was done using field walks and semi-structured interviews with herders in Incheh Borun rangeland, Aq Qala county at Golestan province, Iran. ...
Read More
The main question in this study is how herders perceive plants in saline and alkaline rangelands and the relation between water, soil and plants. Data collection was done using field walks and semi-structured interviews with herders in Incheh Borun rangeland, Aq Qala county at Golestan province, Iran. Herders mentioned 38 plant species with local names. Traditional knowledge of herders showed that land in Turkmen Sahra is classified into two categories of sour and sweet and ocassionally healthy-unhealthy or good-bad are used instead to describe land. Herders also described seven categories for soil including Shishei (glassy), Shor (sour), Martoob (wet), Naor (small basins), Tappeh (hill), Ghermez (red) and Siah (black) where specific plants grow in each category. The result of this study showed that Turkmen herders carry rich knowledge regarding the description of plants and habitats. The innovation of this study was using Turkmen herders’ traditional knowledge in identification of plants, soil categories and their characteristics which is done for the first time in the region. It is recommended that policymaking in natural resources management of Iran apply buttom-up planning and decision-making in order to use traditional ecological knowledge of local communities.
Morvarid Hosseini; Mohamad Rahim Forouzeh; Hossein Barani
Abstract
One method used to answer the human concerns in modern society is referring to the empirical knowledge of the past and using the wisdom of the local people's historical knowledge. Among this valuable knowledge, indigenous knowledge is unique in identifying edible plants and their consumption practices ...
Read More
One method used to answer the human concerns in modern society is referring to the empirical knowledge of the past and using the wisdom of the local people's historical knowledge. Among this valuable knowledge, indigenous knowledge is unique in identifying edible plants and their consumption practices in local communities. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify and document the ethnobotany of edible plants in Zebarkhan rangelands located in Razavi Khorasan province. In this study, the traditional beliefs and knowledge of the people about plants were collected in the form of free interviews, participatory observation and continuous presence in 2017-2018. Snowball and purposive sampling were done in order to select participants. The questions posed with the focus on the local names, vegetative forms, methods of harvesting, the organ used, consumption, and plants attributes. The interviews were then continued until the repetitive responses would confirm the reliability and validity of the interview. Finally, the information were classified, analyzed and the key concepts were extracted based on the goal of research.The findings showed that except for the provision of annual food and medical supplies, most of the identified species consisted of multifunctional medicinal and livestock usage and they were also involved with the provision of the livelihood of the residents through collection and sale or forage livestock. The results and findings of this research can be used as a basis for future research on the development of nutrition knowledge and management of rangelands through the improvement and revival with edible and medicinal plants.
vahid karimian; Adel Sepehry; Hossein Barani
Abstract
In order to study Indigenous knowledge of Ganaboo plant (Medicinal and industrial of rangeland important species), which has been used from past years by local people, this research was done in TangSorkh area which have the maximum of stakeholder and the highest area of Ganaboo habitat in Kohgiluyeh ...
Read More
In order to study Indigenous knowledge of Ganaboo plant (Medicinal and industrial of rangeland important species), which has been used from past years by local people, this research was done in TangSorkh area which have the maximum of stakeholder and the highest area of Ganaboo habitat in Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad. The main research method is Indigenous knowledge considering of local communities based on participatory research methods. In this study, Qualitative research methods including direct observation, interviews free, in-depth individual and group interviews and regular participation in local people's practices were used. In interviews, questions were proposed to assess Ethnoecology, Ethnopharmacology, agronomy and other issues about Ethnobotany of Ganaboo. Based on Indigenous knowledge, Ganaboo plants have Medicinal, industrial and edible uses. Most of the uses relevant to the Oleo-gum-resin production. Local communities believe Ganaboo resistant to the cold and more presence in the uplands and steep lands. It grows in all soil types and every hillside. But in the hillside Toward the sun and on the sandy, soft and red soils, produce more Oleo-gum-resin. The best way to plantng is seeding in autumn. Based on the Indigenous knowledge, age of Ganaboo should be above 7 years to obtain a good Oleo-gum-resin. The results showed Ganaboo utilization from the past known as the livelihoods ways for local communities. Overall received Indigenous Knowledge Was aware from medicinal properties, growing time, harvest time, usable organs, conditions for planting and harvesting and also find areas with the maximum Potential of growth and production of Ganaboo.
aman mohammad komaki; Abolfazl sharifiyan; Hossein barani
Abstract
The indigenous knowledge arises from reality of human life and experiences on the earth, which indeed stems from ancestors. They may have got this knowledge from their living directly and gather it experimentally. So they are specific for one ecosystem. The desert truffles are from a group of ...
Read More
The indigenous knowledge arises from reality of human life and experiences on the earth, which indeed stems from ancestors. They may have got this knowledge from their living directly and gather it experimentally. So they are specific for one ecosystem. The desert truffles are from a group of edible mushrooms grow under the soil like tuber. Local people may find them in natural habitats in Iran and other different regions of Mediterranean climate. From old days these fungi are interesting and edible mushrooms for humankind. In recent years the tendency to these truffles has increased especially by many amateur groups and led them to grow those in orchards as a new activity. While there is an indigenous knowledge about them among local people, a little study is present about identification of different species of desert truffle in Iran. That is to say there are not significant scientific activities about these groups of fungi. Indigenous knowledge can be considered as a base of science. Actually the indigenous knowledge is full of many ideas and interesting case study and research should be done in this area. But the indigenous knowledge with its intrinsic talents progress through observing with the naked eye, without any instruments. The indigenous knowledge of desert truffles exactly separates the species of truffles and their special host plants. According to indigenous knowledge people could determine the location and time of growth of desert truffles. The indigenous knowledge understands the relation of evolution between desert truffle and their plant hosts. Today with research about the different aspects of fungi and symbiosis; especially with molecular methods, the scientists can understand the host specificity and evolution of truffles.
gholamali heshmati; hossein barani; sayyedeh zohreh mirdeylami
Abstract
Indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants is crucial. This extensive knowledge contains different issues such as ethnobotany of medicinal plants. Ethnobotany is human knowledge on botany and plant ecology. In this paper, an ethnobotanical survey has done in the five Turkmen villages around Kalale ...
Read More
Indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants is crucial. This extensive knowledge contains different issues such as ethnobotany of medicinal plants. Ethnobotany is human knowledge on botany and plant ecology. In this paper, an ethnobotanical survey has done in the five Turkmen villages around Kalale district which is located in Northeast of Golestan province. Data collection was done via interviewing, using questionnaires/sheets (totally two hundred and thirty four sheets) at the tree trips/stages to record various data such as collecting time, ecological distribution, local name, medicinal uses and parts of plants used by people. In this study, local people have identified 45 medicinal, edible species which are belonging to 21 families. The results showed that Indigenous knowledge presents invaluable data on the ecological characteristics of plants (ethnoecology), so that can be used to explain distribution of many plant species without applying any expensive and time consuming ecological methods. Meanwhile they have a rich knowledge about medicinal usage of plants
hossein barani; mohammadreza shahraki
Abstract
Anthropology has a special place as the science of culture and study of human interaction and accommodation with the environment. One of the most important discussion in the field of anthropology in knowing the culture of village and nomad societies is the study of their native knowledge and the method ...
Read More
Anthropology has a special place as the science of culture and study of human interaction and accommodation with the environment. One of the most important discussion in the field of anthropology in knowing the culture of village and nomad societies is the study of their native knowledge and the method of their accommodation with the environment, nature and meeting their biological and non-biological needs in nature. Native knowledge refers to solutions that humans have achieved by experience in so many years for solving their problems based on the experience of their ancestors and which can be different in each region considering their specific conditions. Having recorded the native knowledge of the region, anthropologists make known the thoughts of animal farmers, shepherds and cameleers about their environment. The present paper studies the traditional method of camel husbandry and the native knowledge of cameleers in the grasslands of the North of Iran in Gomishan region. It also aims at knowing and detection of their common information and terminology about camel and camel husbandry. The region studied is the grasslands of Gomishan city o Golestan Province located 25 kilometers far away from the city. In this paper, the necessary information on camel husbandry method based on native knowledge is gathered through interview, observation, taking pictures and videos. The findings include the native knowledge about the cycle and calendar of the camel husbandry activities, camel herd grasslands, issues related to reproduction and delivery in camel, animals accompanying the herd, the status of camel herd, marking the animal and camel productions such as milk and its byproducts, wool and meat
